AdministratorHow do you target Mycobacterium tuberculosis?
The enoyl-acyl carrier protein reductase (InhA) is a well-known anti-TB target involved in the biosynthesis of mycolic acids and is the target of first- and second-line TB drugs, isoniazid, and ethionamide respectively. The two drugs require metabolic activation inside M.
Is Mycobacterium the same as TB?
Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M. tuberculosis) is a bacterium that causes tuberculosis (TB) in humans. TB is a disease that primarily affects the lungs, although it can attack other parts of the body. It spreads much like a cold or the flu — through the expelled airborne droplets from a person with infectious TB.
How does Mycobacterium tuberculosis infect the body?
tuberculosis is transmitted through the air, not by surface contact. Transmission occurs when a person inhales droplet nuclei containing M. tuberculosis, and the droplet nuclei traverse the mouth or nasal passages, upper respiratory tract, and bronchi to reach the alveoli of the lungs (Figure 2.2).
How does Mycobacterium tuberculosis survive in the body?
tuberculosis H37Rv has evolved a number of very effective survival strategies, including: (a) the inhibition of phagosome–lysosome fusion; (b) the inhibition of phagosome acidification; (c) the recruitment and retention of tryptophan-aspartate containing coat protein on phagosomes to prevent their delivery to lysosomes …
How does tuberculosis infect a host?
TB is transmitted from an infected to a susceptible person in airborne particles, called droplet nuclei. Transmission occurs when a person inhales droplet nuclei containing Mtb, and the droplet nuclei traverse the mouth or nasal passages, upper respiratory tract and bronchi to reach the alveoli of the lungs.
Does Mycobacterium cause tuberculosis?
Tuberculosis (TB) is caused by a bacterium called Mycobacterium tuberculosis. The bacteria usually attack the lungs, but TB bacteria can attack any part of the body such as the kidney, spine, and brain.
What cells does Mycobacterium infect?
Microscopical analysis of the prepared sections with high magnification (400×) identified different cell types to be infected with mycobacteria (Fig. 3a and b) including macrophages, neutrophils, monocytes, cells morphologically looking like lymphocytes, and pneumocytes-II.
Which organ is affected by tuberculosis?
TB usually affects the lungs, but it can also affect other parts of the body, such as the brain, the kidneys, or the spine. A person with TB can die if they do not get treatment.
Why are some mycobacteria resistant to drugs?
Mycobacterium tuberculosis is intrinsically resistant to many antibiotics, limiting the number of compounds available for treatment. This intrinsic resistance is due to a number of mechanisms including a thick, waxy, hydrophobic cell envelope and the presence of drug degrading and modifying enzymes.
How common is Mycobacterium tuberculosis?
Worldwide, TB is a major health problem with as many as four million new cases and three million deaths each year. The impact of TB is felt most by older and poorer people. Cases usually occur in individuals who were infected years ago, particularly the elderly.
Where is Mycobacterium tuberculosis found in the body?
Tuberculosis (TB) is an airborne bacterial infection caused by the organism Mycobacterium tuberculosis that primarily affects the lungs, although other organs and tissues may be involved.
What is the life cycle of Mycobacterium tuberculosis?
TB infection happens in 4 stages: the initial macrophage response, the growth stage, the immune control stage, and the lung cavitation stage. These four stages happen over roughly one month.